If you have an unwieldy text file that you are trying to process, splitting it in sections can sometimes help processing time, especially if we were going to import a file into a spreadsheet. Or you might want to just retrieve a particular set of lines from a file. Če imate počasne besedilna datoteka, ki jo poskušate postopku, delitev je v oddelkih lahko včasih pomaga čas obdelave, še posebej, če smo bili bo uvoz datoteke v preglednico. Ali pa si morda želeli le pridobiti določeno skupino linij iz datoteke.

Enter split, wc, tail, cat, and grep. Vpišite split, wc, rep, mačka, in grep. (don't forget sed and awk). (ne pozabite in sed awk). Linux contains a rich set of utilities for working with text files on the command line. Linux vsebuje bogat nabor služb za delo z besedilom datoteke v ukazni vrstici. For our task today we will use split and wc. Za naša naloga danes bomo uporabili delih in wc.

First we take a look at our log file…. Najprej smo si oglejte naše log datoteko ....

> ls -l > Ls-l
-rw-r–r– 1 thegeek ggroup 42046520 2006-09-19 11:42 access.log -rw-r-r-1 thegeek ggroup 42046520 2006-09-19 11:42 access.log

We see that the file size is 42MB. Vidimo, da je velikost datoteke je 42MB. That's kinda big… but how many lines are we dealing with? To je nekako velik, ampak ... koliko vrstic smo se ukvarjajo z? If we wanted to import this into Excel, we would need to keep it less than 65k lines. Če bi želeli, da ta uvoz v Excel, bi potrebovali, da ostane manj kot 65k vrstic.

Let's check the amount of lines in the file using the wc utility, which stands for “word count”. Let's preverite količino vrstic v datoteko z wc korist, ki je kratica za "Word count".

> wc -l access.log > Wc-l access.log
146330 access.log 146.330 access.log

We're way over our limit. We're poti preko naše meje. We'll need to split this into 3 segments. Bomo morali razdeliti to na 3 segmente. We'll use the split utility to do this. Bomo uporabili delih pripomoček za to.

> split -l 60000 access.log > Split-l 60000 access.log
> ls -l > Ls-l

total 79124 skupaj 79.124
-rw-rw-r– 1 thegeek ggroup 40465200 2006-09-19 12:00 access.log -rw-rw-r-1 thegeek ggroup 40465200 2006-09-19 12:00 access.log
-rw-rw-r– 1 thegeek ggroup 16598163 2006-09-19 12:05 xaa -rw-rw-r-1 thegeek ggroup 16598163 2006-09-19 12:05 xaa
-rw-rw-r– 1 thegeek ggroup 16596545 2006-09-19 12:05 xab -rw-rw-r-1 thegeek ggroup 16596545 2006-09-19 12:05 xab
-rw-rw-r– 1 thegeek ggroup 7270492 2006-09-19 12:05 xac -rw-rw-r-1 thegeek ggroup 7270492 2006-09-19 12:05 xac

We've now split our text files into 3 seperate files, each containing less than 60000 lines, which seemed like a good number to choose. Mi smo zdaj po delih naše besedilne datoteke v 3 ločenih datotekah, od katerih vsaka vsebuje manj kot 60.000 vrstic, ki se je zdel kot dober številko izbrati. The last file contains the leftover amount. Zadnja datoteka vsebuje ostanke znesek. If you were going to cut this particular file in half, you'd have done this: Če si hotel zmanjšati to določeno datoteko na pol, bi si naredil to:

> split -l 73165 access.log > Split-l 73165 access.log

And, that's all there is to it. In to je vse, kar je z njo.